Which part of the plant does the seed develop into first during germination?

During germination, seeds primarily develop into a root first. This initial development is crucial as the root anchors the plant in the soil and begins the process of absorbing water and nutrients necessary for further growth. The emergence of the root, often referred to as the primary root or radicle, allows the plant to establish itself in its environment, ensuring that it has the resources it needs to thrive.

Following the establishment of the root, the shoot then emerges, which will develop into the stem and later the leaves. The sequence of root development before other parts of the plant is a fundamental aspect of a plant's growth strategy, as gaining access to water and nutrients is essential for the succeeding stages of germination and growth. This prioritization in development helps the seedling to withstand environmental stresses and increases its chances of survival and healthy maturation.